Brian Leakey

The numbers of leniency applications in cartel cases

  On 29 December 2020, Andreas Mundt (President of the German Competition Authority) commented that the numbers of leniency applications in cartel cases were dropping due to a rise in follow-on private damages proceedings. Why is there thought to be a tension between leniency and private enforcement and what can competition authorities do to overcome …

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Favouring its own comparison shopping service

  ‘[T]he General Court finds that, by favouring its own comparison shopping service on its general results pages through more favourable display and positioning, while relegating the results from competing comparison services in those pages by means of ranking algorithms, Google departed from competition on the merits.’ Press Release No 197/21, General Court of the …

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The Competition Commissioner

  The Competition Commissioner, Margarethe Vestager, has so far resisted calls for an environmental sustainability exemption or defence to Article 101 TFEU. Critics argue that the far-reaching nature of Article 101 is having a chilling effect on environmental cooperation because businesses fear the necessary information sharing could easily spill-over into an infringement. They point in …

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Computer Hardware Budget

  A​‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‌‌‌‍​ssume that you have been asked to prepare a computer hardware budget. Your company has identified three classes of computer users: Class-A, Class-B, and Class-C. Class-A employees use the computer for email, Web browsing, Internet connectivity, and limited document writing. Class-B employees use the computer for all of the activities of class A, plus …

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Esther Duflo fighting poverty

    To what extent is the knowledge we produce determined by the methodologies we use? Discuss with reference to history and one other area of knowledge. Human sciences. 3 examples 1.Holocaust denial – David Irving 2. Esther Duflo fighting poverty 3. Jean Piaget – theory of cognitive development    

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