To kind of give an overview of doctoral writings. You're beginning your journey into the doctrine program at Liberty University. >> And there are a lot of new things. >> And one of those new things is what we call a doctoral writing. >> So scholarly writing is different. >> It's about engaging with the ideas of authors and peer reviewed sources. And so a peer-reviewed source is a source that has kind of been rants are embedded by people that are experts in the field, so it's very reliable. >> And in this type of writing, we are focused on a summary and a synthesis of the information. >> So we are wanting to take the ideas of authors and both summarize and kind of compare and contrast them to each other. >> You know, what are they conveniently saying, are collectively saying about a potential topic. >> It requires APA formatting and it requires depth. >> So all of this together is kind of an indication of what we're looking at when we discuss scholarly writing. >> Now, all written assignments require the use of peer reviewed articles from the liberty library. So you will see that throughout your doctorate program, and it is featured prominently in this particular course. >> And as I mentioned, you can see kind of the definition of peer-reviewed article and the credibility that it provides. And so I'm going to look at to discussing how to search for these articles. >> And then we'll kind of go in some other example is about the writing requirements for this course. >> So we begin by visiting the liberty library. >> So here we are. We are now signed into liver do library. >> And you're going to go to the welcome page and I'm going to search something, comment, so humility and leadership. And the library has books and media on the left and articles on the right. >> And we're focused right here. So we want to go in and look for peer reviewed articles related to leadership and humility. >> So I'm gonna just gonna click this bottom thickness as C, All article results. >> And you can see on the left hand side, I can actually refine my search by scholarly and peer-reviewed. And so I can click that and it's going to bring up scholarly and peer-reviewed journal articles. So you can see some of them. >> Family practice, management, organization science, and the Journal of Applied Psychology are all peer review journal articles. >> So by clicking on one, I go into here and it brings up kind of access points for it. So I can access it from here, here, here for this particular article. >> So let's just click on that and it's going to pull this up real quick and it's loading. >> And here is the article that were >> We have and you can see it does give a citation. >> These are generally not an APA citation, so I don't recommend copying these. >> If it provides a DOI number, you're also going to provide that as well. And your citation, I'll talk about that in a second. >> But you can see right here that this is particularly the, the article and the Journal of Applied Psychology. >> And indeed, if I click on that, it's going to give me more information about that journal, which will also verify that it is a peer review journal. >> Which means that when you submit or when an author submits a study, it is reviewed by other authors that are writing. >> So see just this particular example. >> It has a call for papers. >> It has a kind of a just kind of discussion of all of the things in the article itself. >> And on the right side, it's got different subscription information. >> So this is not necessarily things you need to know, but it's just saying, hey, this is a peer reviewed journal. It's actually a fairly good one, top nine out of a 182. >> So anyways, just kind of a, a overview of what that looks like and how to find peer-reviewed articles. >> Found my article, and now what do I do with it? >> So you probably have sided things as you progressed along your education. >> We use the APA style seventh edition for all of the Liberty doctoral program, and we'll use it extensively in this class. So this is kind of a guide and I have some resources at the end that's going to help you. But it shows like this is the standard format for a citation at the end of a paper. And it kind of gives you this and it tells you some little thing about it. >> Capitalisation, things are big, italic, italicizing things are big, Including the DOI number, like I mentioned, is big. So you want to make sure that you kind of follow these guidelines. >> And I'll put this pdf as an example at the end. And all of this is just a, it just requires practice and you may just have this out as you begin your citations. Now in this particular course, you are going to write forums each week, and these forms may be a little different than what you've seen in the past. The idea of them is to engage with the scholarly literature on and off throughout the class. So here's the first one and you see the, this is basically about marketing. >> And it says you gotta choose an area here and research the subtopic. And there's a PDF, which I won't go too. And you're gonna locate five peer reviewed articles related to one of the subtopics in the area. >> And then you're going to answer the following questions. >> Now I can't stress this enough. You want to get as narrow as possible. >> So you wouldn't want your entire topic to be on omni-channel promotion. >> You want it to be on a specific aspect of omni-channel promotion, for example. And you're wanting in this area, you're see i'm asking you about the themes and the sub themes. And what I'm, what I'm really want you to do is give me a summary and a synthesis of what's going on in this particular subarea And with a summary and a synthesis. You have to do some things. >> You have to read, read, read. >> So for each of the articles you are going to want to read and have an understanding of what was conducted. So reading through the introduction, looking at the literature, glancing through the methodology, you don't necessarily need to understand all aspects of the methodology at this point in your doctoral journey. But then looking at the results and the findings and what they discuss. >> And you want to do that for multiple authors that have written about the topic. >> So this one is omni-channel promotion, or a specific part of omni-channel promotion than what does all of these authors say, think about if they're sitting at a dinner table and it's somewhat heated. So you have people agreeing and disagreeing and kind of saying, Oh, I agree with, with, with Aunt Mary and I agree with Uncle Bob, but I disagree with with cousin Joe. >> That's kinda the conversation you're wanting to have in literature, of course, a little more formally. >> And I'm going to show you some examples of that. And this is what we call boats, a summary and a synthesis. And this is one of the kind of the interesting parts of d2 are writing. >> So this is something that was written around about nutrition labels. And this is one paragraph related to this literature review. And you see the paragraph begins with, hey, there are many factors that are relevant to the comprehension of nutrition labels by consumers. >> They identify the factors, personal factors and socioeconomic factors. >> And in this they're saying, well, personal factors that include motivation, nutrition knowledge, and food budgets are positively associated with consumer nutritionally will usage and comprehension. And there are a bunch of citations through here. That means all of these authors are in agreement with this statement. >> So they have read and now they have provided a synthesis of this positive association. It goes on to talk about socioeconomic factors such as education, household size, and income. >> And these are major predictors of the use of nutrition information. >> But age is inconclusive. >> So these authors agree, hey, education, household income are all predictors of if I'm going to use nutrition label, but age is not. And then the third part in this paragraph is personal literacy has been shown to predict usage of nutrition labels. And once again, they cite the authors that agree with that. And at the end, they reiterate, personal factors and socioeconomic factors are important pieces of the consumer framework and understanding how nutrition information is comprehended. So you see we have factors are relevant to the comprehensive nutrition at the top. And then a reminder of the factors throughout. >> And then kind of tying the top sentence and the bottom sentence together. >> Another example, and this one's kind of a little more disagreement. >> So this is about label. So it gives a quick definition of labeling as defined in literature. >> And then it says, studies have shown that consumers respond and process high levels and nutrition information. >> But this was tested in the lab. It has not been tested in the shopping environment. So then they have other studies indicate that consumers prefer simple later labels and that large amounts of nutrition information actually confuse them. Okay, so that's a little different. >> And then the last part was determining what character instance of the label hinder comprehension. >> Moore was difficult. >> So are there pieces of the label to do that and tried to do that, but they are still inconclusive about, hey, parts of the label may not help or, and may actually hinder. >> So you see there's some disagreement, but still a synthesis of the literature. And that's the part I'm trying to stress on. >> Your paragraph should look something like example one and example two. >> We should see a synthesis of the literature. >> Now for each of your forums, you're also going to provide a bibliography. >> And bibliography is basically a list of sources that you've used for your topics. >> We refer to that as references. >> We don't use the word work cited that is used in MLA. >> So this will be your references. >> Your bibliography is just giving us a summary and an evaluation of the articles that you're using in your paper. And so what are the main arguments? What's the point? >> What topics are covered? >> If someone asked you about it, what would you say about it? So think about that as you're summarizing, then you're going to assess it. How is this useful? >> How does it compare with the other sources in my paper? >> And is it reliable? >> So in this case, for your assessment, all of your sources will likely be reliable because they're based on peer reviewed information. And then finally, how are you directly going to use it in your research topic? >> And how has it helped your thinking changed about your topic? And I have some examples at the end of what an annotated bibliography looks like. >> So there is a topical handout that goes along with this particular PowerPoint. >> And I go through in depth all of the points. What a scholarly writing. >> I provide an example. >> What does it mean to synthesize sources? >> I provide some examples. What does it look like for APA format examples, annotated bibliography examples. >> There's also some really good guides for liberty library and that I have links to within there. So I've done kind of a comprehensive and a quick just deep dive on what scholarly writing looks like. And I'm hopefully this handout will also help you as you progress through the course. So as always, let me know. If you have questions, I'll be happy to answer them.
