There should be 5 strategic factors for Strengths and 5 strategic factors for Weaknesses.
Internal factors are those the firm has control over. “Does Amazon control this activity or not?” For instance, Amazon has control over the dates to release new products, or what products to sell each year. But Amazon does not control the economic conditions that would determine the demand for those products.
Fill in the table in TemplateSA-EXH2-IFAS. The table has five columns: Internal Factors, Weight, Rating, Weighted Score and Comments.
Use short names for the factors but flesh them out in the comments so they make sense when you approach them later on. A generically named factor can be listed on both the EFAS and IFAS so long as the comments made the difference clear between the two. You should modify the names, so this situation does not arise.
Your comments make all the difference in the quality of the EFAS.
Use the template for Exhibit 2 – IFAS
Use the TemplateSA-EXH2-IFAS.docx as the template for your work. Ensure that your format displays correctly and is readable. Do NOT copy from the text or from the Template IFAS text! Use your own critical analysis and critical thinking. The template is provided to assist you with the layout–i.e., make it easy for you to construct the chart. The template also gives you a good idea of the appropriate explanations required in the Comments blocks about the why an SF, potential quantified impact, how weighted, and how rated.
Comments Column
Comments are expected to be 4-5 sentences in length and depth and offer a clear explanation of the strategic factor (SF) in 4 aspects:
- Why it is a strategic factor (SF), core competency (CC) or distinctive competency (DC); (1-2 sentences only)
- A quantified estimate of the potential impact (QPI) of the SF; (1 sentence only)
- How you assign the weight; (1 sentence only) and
- How you assign the rating. (1 sentence only)
Keep the 4-5 sentences of your Comments in order for clarity and ease of understanding. The recommended order is: Why SF comments; QPI comments; Weight comments; and finally Rating comments.
How to write the Why SF and QPI comments: For the Why SF, explain WHY you selected this SF, WHY it is important to Amazon, and WHAT is the potential impact on Amazon in the future. Clearly identify your Core Competencies (CC) and Distinctive Competencies (DC) in the IFAS Comments column.
For the QPI comments, estimate the potential impact on Amazon in the future in a quantitative manner using some metric: sales, revenues, costs, market share, profits, logistics pipeline, CSI, etc. Express the quantitative potential impact (QPI) in Dollars $$. If you express the potential impact in $$, that makes each strategic factor comparable against the other strategic factors. And expressing the impact in sales makes them even more easily comparable. Make sure you are making significant estimates based on the size of your company based on annual revenue values in your 5-Y financials. You develop this estimate.
The monetary value of the QPI is useful to compare the strategic factors and rank them in relevance. Ranking them will help you to assign the Weights (2nd column in the table) to each strategic factor. Use a positive analysis (quantitative) rather than a normative analysis (feelings, desires). Focus on what is the potential gain for your SF opportunities or the potential loss from a SF threat in the future. History lessons are not needed nor applicable. You should estimate and predict the impact in the future. Be creative.
Dont develop future actions or alternatives here in the IFAS about how a firm may or should take action on a particular SF. The brainstorming development of those alternative actions comes with the TOWS Analysis that we will start presenting in Module 4.
HINT: To focus your thinking on addressing why you selected each SF and why it is important, start your why select/important sentence with words like this: I selected this SF because.. or This SF is important because By using this lead-in phrase you should be able to concisely state why that particular SF is important.
HINT: To focus your thinking on addressing the quantitative potential impact (QPI) in the future of each SF, be sure your QPI sentence contains words like this: potential impact of $____ or potential increases to ____ are $____ per year or reduction in sales by $____ per year. Be sure to state the potential impact in dollars so you can compare the potential impacts of your various SF.
How to write the Weight and Rank comments: To assign weights, explain the importance of the SF to the firms future survival. Is the SF of vital importance or low importance on a scale of 1 to 0? What is the impact of the SF on the future survival of the firm? What SF has the biggest impact? Which one(s) are the Big Dogs? Make a logical explanation of why the weight you have assigned is what it is. Comparison and ranking between SF is a useful technique to assign the weight. See your potential $$$ impacts from your Why analysis above. The bigger the $$$ impact is, the bigger the weight should be. Remember the weight column adds to 1.0.
HINT: To focus your thinking on addressing the importance of the SF to Amazons future survival, be sure to include the key word survival in your weight sentence.
To assign ratings provide an explanation of how well, or how badly, Amazon is handling each specific external SF RIGHT NOW not in the future or not in the distant past but right now. Use the scale of 1 5, poor to outstanding; comparing the firms performance against the industry standard rating of 3. Give a logical explanation of why the rating you have assigned is what it is. Do they handle it well or are they lost? Are they performing in average way as other competitors are? Remember the industry average performance is rated at 3.
HINT: To focus your thinking on addressing how well your firm is handling each SF, understand what the 1-5 scale means and then use your rating number from the rating column with matching words (low, average, above average, high, etc) in your rating sentence.
Example of a good comments block:
SF – Competent Senior Leadership
This SF was chosen because of its significant positive impact on corporate performance in sales, costs, and industry leadership. Senior leadership is considered a core competency. Top management adds significant benefit to OPCs profit posture and stockholder satisfaction. Effect on the top line future sales revenue is estimated at 25% ($100M-$150M/YR). This SF is weighted very high at .15 as leadership is very important to survival in the world economy. OPC is rated highly at 4.5 as an industry leader with a highly competent management team.
Point of View
Remember to keep your decision-making at the strategic level –the Big Picture level. You are acting at the CEO/SVP level. But you are also acting at the lower levels to brainstorm, generate alternatives, perform critical analysis, and make recommendations to the CEO/SVP levels. The decision-maker CEO/SVP decides on the most important strategic factors.
Use TemplateSA-EXH 4-FinRatio.docx as Reference
The financial ratios are explained in Chapter 13 and at the end of Understanding Financial Statements, the reading we used in Module One.
The TemplateSA-EXH4-FinRatio.docx is only a reference because you will perform the calculations of your financial ratios in Excel. In fact, the 5-Y financials of the firm you are working about has a sheet that connects the financial ratio formulas with respective data in Balance Sheets and Income Statements for the five years of analysis in the same workbook.
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